Engineering Professional

"Social accountability encompasses a broad array of methods and practices. These practices may be initiated by a wide range of actors (citizens, CSO's, communities, government agencies, parliamentarians or media), use diverse strategies (research, monitoring, planning, civic education, media coverage, coalition building), employ formal and informal sanctions, and vary according to the extent to which they are institutionalized, independent and collaborative. Social accountability can be enhanced ex ante through citizen and civil society participation in formulating public policies and plans.  Examples include participatory policy-making (for example, the participatory formulation of poverty reduction strategies) and participatory development planning.  In many countries, civil society actors also play a key role in reviewing, critiquing, and building public awareness about policies and plans in key areas such as gender equity, environmental protection, youth, emp

"Debt Management Performance Assessment is a methodology for assessing performance through a comprehensive set of  'Debt Management Performance Indicators (DPI's), spanning the full range of government debt management functions". These broad government debt management functions are: Governance and Strategy Development Coordination with Macroeconomic Policies Borrowing and Related Financing Activities Cash Flow Forecasting and Cash Balance Management Operational Risk Management Debt Records and Reporting. Debt Management Performance Assessment is based on the principles set out in the World Bank-International Monetary Fund Guidelines for Public Debt Management (2001, 2014).  The indicator set is intended to be an internationally recognized standard in the government debt management field and may be applied in all developing countries. Debt Management Performance Assessment  is modeled after the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA

Growth management, by contrast, seeks to preserve public goods, improve social equity and minimize adverse impacts of development while still accommodating new housing and economic growth.  Such programs often involve a package of tools such as zoning, comprehensive plans, subdivision regulations, development fees and exaction, and infrastructure investments and are sometimes described as growth controls, growth management strategies, or sustainable development.  Despite these efforts' increasing popularity, some observers are concerned that such efforts adversely affect land and housing markets and lead to problems of housing affordability which will directly affect the traditional core to be in declining in terms of quality of life as opposed to new communities in the outlying areas.  The focus of this work is to determine appropriate strategies that can help to achieve a greater degree of community sustainability. One construct for community sustainability is the t

The construction material and techniques have all had an importance role in the development of infrastructures. Building environment which bear no visible human marks are rare- the realm of oceans, the poles, deserts, mountain summits.  Nepalese traditions, cultures and environment are so unique and intricate that the buildings, cottage and Nepalese tradition, monuments, places are made in such a way which are measured from different aesthetic point of view which shows the beautiful, perfection of the model design of the building and monuments.  From the Malla's period, there are many infrastructures found in Nepal which has more importance in its own as well as value from tourism point of view. Mostly in Kathmandu valley, there are many cultural and religious places which have their link with traditions and from different cultural aspects of life. The society is a mixed community residing in Kathmandu Valley with inclusive which they believe in their tradition and religi

"Inequality concerns persisting and widespread disparities among the resources available for people to sustain themselves and their families in secure and healthy ways, to make adequate provision for their old age, to take advantage of amenities beyond bare subsistence, to participate in political or community affairs, to engage in volunteer activities, and to pursue valued long-term goals such as succeeding in their occupations or developing talents.  The contrast is a social ideal where, as several political philosophers conceive of it, distribution of resources is sufficient for everyone to have realistic a chance of leading a meaningful, satisfying, or happy life. Now, reasons for concern over the large and growing inequalities in Nepal, as elsewhere, will be given. An even more dramatic case could be made by comparing wealth as well as in-come, including such things as real estate, stocks, and savings.  The present condition delivers a statement of weak economy a

"Education and Skills" M.Sc . Urban Design and Conservation   (Master's Thesis: Urban Design and Pedestrian Behavior) Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Rural Infrastructure Engineering/ Urban & Regional Planning) Diploma in Computer  Application Diploma in Legal Studies Introduction to Contract in Law Diploma in EU Public Procurement Diploma in Project Management Government Economic Policy Successfully completed and passed the 5 weeks training course "Fundamentals of Climate Change", The Open Learning Campus; World Bank. Successfully completed and passed the 5 weeks training course "Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA)", The Open Learning Campus, World Bank.   Successfully completed and passed the 5 weeks training course " Investment Planning toward Low Emissions Development", The Open Learning Campus; World Bank.  Successfully completed and passed the 5 weeks training course  "Saving Energy Throu